• Introduction Mitotic kinases play an essential

  2024-01-16

  

  Introduction Mitotic kinases play an essential role in mitosis, Aurora and other mitotic kinases are often observed over-expression in human solid and many hematologic cancers. As one of serine/threonine kinases, Aurora kinase family is involved in centrosome maturation, mitotic spindle formation,

• 94 7 Introduction An association of elevated branched

  2024-01-16

  

  Introduction An association of elevated branched-chain 94 7 (BCAA—Leu, Val, Ile) with obesity and insulin resistance was first reported nearly 50 years ago (Felig et al., 1969). With the advent of metabolomics technologies, it has since become apparent that the association of BCAA and related meta

• Several in vivo and in vitro studies

  2024-01-16

  

  Several in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated changes in bioactive lipid profiles under hyperglycemic conditions and have linked these changes with increased leukocyte adhesion and vascular dysfunction during diabetes. This input has originated partly from lipidomic studies that showed elev

• br Conflicts of interest br Financial support

  2024-01-16

  

  Conflicts of interest Financial support This work was supported by grants from the Fondazione Cariplo [Grant number 2011-0463] (Carini); and by Funds for Original Research of the Università del Piemonte Orientale (2016, Project: Carini-Boldorini). The sponsors had no involvement in study desig

• Co is an essential element for life in minute

  2024-01-16

  

  Co is an essential element for life in minute amounts [5]. The human adult contains about 1.1mg Co with the daily requirement of 0.1μg/day. Co is a component of vitamin B12. Co induces erythropoietin and blocks iodine uptake by the thyroid, controls the transfer of enzymes like homocysteine methyltr

• br Secreted enzymes Only two

  2024-01-16

  

  Secreted enzymes Only two secreted S. aureus enzymes reportedly induce apoptosis, namely, staphylococcal staphopain B (SspB) and coagulase. SspB selectively cleaved CD11b/CD18 integrin and induced an apoptosis-like cell death in neutrophils and monocytes (Smagur et al., 2009). Neutrophils or mono

• The putative residue apelin proprotein proapelin or

  2024-01-16

  

  The putative 55-residue apelin proprotein (proapelin or apelin-55) is processed from a 77-residue preproprotein through removal of a 22-residue signal peptide (Table 1). Apelin-55 is further processed into bioactive isoforms of 36, 17, or 13 residues, likely through protease-mediated mechanisms. To

• Another major problem leading to implant failures

  2024-01-16

  

  Another major problem leading to implant failures is post-implant infections, majorly due to bacteria adhesion [13,36,37]. A significant decrease in bacterial counts (~65–90%) has been observed in HA and/or CNT-based composites reinforced with 2.5–10 wt% nano Ag [13,38], thus, drawing the conclusion

• Therefore VEGF and its receptors

  2024-01-16

  

  Therefore, VEGF and its receptors are expressed in different organs, including the kidneys, the liver and the Puromycin [55]. In the human placenta, VEGF is mainly synthesized by cytotrophoblast and Hofbauer cells early in the first trimester, whereas Flk-1 and Flt-1 receptors are expressed througho

• br Introduction The traditional Chinese medicine TCM

  2024-01-15

  

  Introduction The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Ganoderma (G.) lucidum Karst is a well-known mushroom which has been used clinically in some Asian countries. It is termed “Lingzhi” in China, “Reishi” in Japan and “Yeongji” in Korea. It has long been used in TCM for the promotion of longevity

• hiv integrase The mechanisms that control Ahr transcription

  2024-01-15

  

  The mechanisms that control Ahr transcription are poorly understood, especially when considering cell type-specific regulation. A recent report suggested that the Ahr transcription might be directly promoted by RORγt [retinoic hiv integrase receptor (RAR)-related orphan receptor γt] based on ChIP-S

• br Conclusion br Conflicts of interest br Introduction

  2024-01-15

  

  Conclusion Conflicts of interest Introduction Enzymes are widely applied as biocatalysts in fields such as synthetic chemistry [1], pharmaceuticals [2], environmental treatment [3], and food technology [4] because they can catalyze chemical transformations in a highly selective manner unde

• Previously we described that cadmium induces

  2024-01-15

  

  Previously, we described that cadmium induces a more pronounced, but not selective, cell death on primary cholinergic neurons from basal forebrain (Del Pino et al., 2014). Degeneration of septal cholinergic neurons from basal forebrain, as happens in AD, results in memory deficits (Scheiderer et al.

• Crohn s disease an inflammatory bowel disease that affects t

  2024-01-15

  

  Crohn’s disease, an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is characterized by a polymorphism in ULK1 autophagy gene due to the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Thus, the autophagic process is impaired during the disease. The mutations in the leuc

• DRiPs also contribute to formation of protein aggregates tha

  2024-01-15

  

  DRiPs also contribute to formation of protein Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (EDTA-Free, 100X in DMSO) that result from dysregulation of proteostasis, during which the proteolytic machinery is unable to process and degrade defective proteins (Tyedmers et al., 2010). Aggregation of poly-ubiquitinated p

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